Espresso

Safety Status: Moderate (Limit Caffeine Intake)

Espresso is safe to consume during pregnancy, but only in moderation.

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), along with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), recommends that pregnant individuals limit their daily caffeine consumption to less than 200 mg per day.

A single shot of espresso (approximately 1 fluid ounce) contains between 63 and 75 mg of caffeine, depending on the bean type (Robusta beans contain more caffeine than Arabica) and the brewing method.

A standard double-shot espresso drink (like a latte or cappuccino) will therefore contain 130 to 150 mg of caffeine, which constitutes about 75% of your recommended daily limit.

Biological Effects of Caffeine on the Fetus

It is important to manage caffeine intake because of how it behaves in the body during pregnancy:

• Placental Transfer: Caffeine easily crosses the placental barrier and enters the baby’s bloodstream. While your body can metabolize caffeine, a developing fetus lacks the necessary enzymes to process it efficiently, meaning caffeine can remain in the fetal system longer.
• Vasoconstriction: Caffeine is a stimulant that can cause mild constriction of blood vessels in the placenta, potentially reducing blood flow and nutrient delivery to the fetus.
• Fetal Heart Rate: High caffeine doses can cause temporary increases in fetal heart rate and activity levels.
• Hydration and Sleep: Caffeine is a diuretic that can contribute to dehydration, and it can worsen pregnancy insomnia or acid reflux.

Tips for Managing Caffeine Consumption

To enjoy espresso safely while staying below the 200 mg threshold:

• Track All Sources: Remember that caffeine is found in many foods and drinks, including drip coffee, black and green tea, colas, energy drinks, chocolate, and certain over-the-counter headache medications.
• Switch to Decaf: Decaffeinated espresso is made from beans that have had 97% of their caffeine removed, containing only about 2 to 5 mg of caffeine per shot, making it an excellent safe alternative.
• Specify Single Shots: When ordering a latte, flat white, or cappuccino at a coffee shop, explicitly ask for a “single shot” of espresso, as many establishments default to double shots.